
In cryptography, a product cipher combines two or more transformations in a manner intending that the resulting cipher is more secure than the individual components to make it resistant to cryptanalysis. The product cipher combines a sequence of simple transformations such as substitution, permutation, and modular arithmetic. The concept of produc...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_cipher

(from the article `cipher`) ...without any change in the identity of the elements. In substitution systems, such elements are replaced by other objects or groups of objects ... In the discussion of transposition ciphers it was pointed out that by combining two or more simple transpositions, a more secure encryption may ... [2 related...
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/p/118
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